Washington’s Large Animal Veterinarian Shortage

Summary

At the direction of the Washington State Legislature, Washington State University’s Division of Governmental Studies and Services (DGSS) convened a 13-member work group to study Washington’s shortage of large animal veterinarians and recommend strategies to improve recruitment, training, and retention. The work group brought together representatives from state agencies, agricultural and veterinary organizations, and WSU. Between September 2025 and August 2026, DGSS facilitated 23 work group sessions and conducted additional research involving WSU veterinary students, DVM applicant data, and practicing rural large animal veterinarians across Washington.

Drawing on this collaborative process and original research, the report examines challenges across the veterinary workforce pipeline—from attracting prospective students and supporting their veterinary education to entering large animal practice and sustaining rural practices over the long term. The report presents findings and actionable recommendations for the Washington State Legislature and WSU to strengthen the state’s large animal veterinary workforce and support the rural communities, agricultural producers, and industries that depend on veterinary services.

The findings point to both opportunities and persistent barriers. While many current DVM students have prior experience with large animals or rural communities, students and practicing veterinarians identified a need for greater hands-on training and exposure to agricultural animal practice. Financial considerations also play a significant role in career decisions, with student debt, differences in earning potential, and the costs associated with establishing and maintaining rural practices making large animal veterinary careers more difficult to pursue and sustain.

The work group’s recommendations address multiple points along this pathway. Proposed strategies include strengthening agricultural animal education and experiential learning, expanding opportunities for students to train in livestock-concentrated areas, supporting student financial assistance, increasing early exposure to agricultural careers through youth programs, and improving resources available to rural veterinary practices. Together, the recommendations provide a framework for building a stronger and more sustainable large animal veterinary workforce in Washington.